This article by Carlos Fazio originally appeared in the November 10, 2025 edition of La Jornada, Mexico’s premier left wing daily newspaper. The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect those of Mexico Solidarity Media*, or the Mexico Solidarity Project.*

Mexico and Venezuela share some common elements and also significant differences in the current situation. Both are countries possessing oil and other geostrategic resources disputed by the United States and China, and with varying degrees of intensity and situational projection, both are the target of a diffuse hybrid war waged by Washington, which combines deterrence, psychological pressure, and military preparedness.

Another common thread is that, although they embody dissimilar political-ideological projects—with a leaning towards socialism in the Venezuelan case and a national-popular neo-developmentalist approach in the Mexican case—and are part of different international strategic alliances (Venezuela with Russia, China, Iran, Cuba, and Nicaragua, and Mexico primarily with the United States, in a dependent situation through the “free trade” agreement), both Nicolás Maduro and Claudia Sheinbaum have been subjected to intense and sustained soft and hard power actions by Donald Trump.

The dubious story was given to “journalist” Barak Ravid, a one-time soldier in the zionist occupation, widely regarded as a reliable conduit for imperialist intelligence agencies.

Likewise, from the beginning of his second term, as supreme commander of the armed forces and chief propagandist of his strategy, with his sights set on Venezuela and Mexico, Trump fabricated a narrative that equates drug cartels with foreign terrorist organizations (e.g., Al Qaeda, ISIS, et al. ), a strategy of extraterritorial force—including military force—ostensibly to combat drug trafficking, but which already foreshadowed the possibility of lethal air strikes with missiles and drones to summarily assassinate civilians identified as criminals (without presenting evidence), as has been happening in the Caribbean and the Pacific.

Hybrid warfare uses all kinds of means and procedures at different levels, whether conventional force (for example, the current naval military blockade of the Venezuelan coast), or irregular warfare (soft coup, economic, preventive, legal [lawfare], information warfare, drug warfare, counterterrorism, cognitive, cultural, media warfare).

A central component of hybrid warfare is psychological operations (PsyOp) and covert actions, such as those authorized by Trump in Venezuela for the Central Intelligence Agency. Tools of regime change policies, covert actions serve to generate coups, false flag operations, and to destabilize and create social and political chaos on the ground through various actors.

To this end, in addition to the CIA, the United States has 15 other agencies in the so-called intelligence community (DIA, NSA, FBI, DEA, NRO, and others) and foreign relations offices under the State Department (embassies, consulates, missions to international organizations, etc.).

Besides the CIA’s covert agents planted on the ground, the Pentagon’s main instruments of interference abroad are the Navy SEALs and Delta Force of the Army’s Joint Special Operations Command In turn, for their clandestine actions in Venezuela and Mexico, the CIA, the DEA, the DIA, and the FBI recruit “native assets” as informants and local operators (military and members of the state’s intelligence and security apparatus, politicians, journalists, members of the underworld, drug cartels, paramilitaries, mercenaries, and a long etcetera), who act as agents of espionage networks and/or generators of violence and chaos, as in the Venezuelan opposition’s barricades led by María Corina Machado and, eventually, under the guise of Mexican criminal economy groups, in destabilizing symbolic executions, such as the one that just claimed the life of the mayor of Uruapan, Carlos Manzo, in Michoacán.

Einat Kranz Neiger, zionist ambassador to Mexico and former US ambassador to Mexico

Other essential and complementary elements of Washington’s open and covert destabilizing actions in Venezuela and Mexico are the use of cutting-edge technologies (cyber warfare) combined with other methods of influence such as the sowing of disinformation, white, gray, and black propaganda, and fake news, followed by systematic and persistent repetition and manipulation techniques in the hegemonic mass media.

All these hybrid modalities—which increase the uncertainties inherent in the “fog of war” and clandestine missions—are preceded by press operations that invariably continue until the end, constantly feeding back into and projecting themselves to public opinion

A typical example of gray propaganda, bearing the hallmark of joint disinformation operations by the CIA, Britain’s MI5, and Israel’s Mossad, and which could have been manufactured on the ground by U.S. Ambassador Ronald Johnson, a veteran hawk of clandestine actions, is the leak to journalist Barak Ravid (who served in the Israeli intelligence division Unit 8200) from the U.S. media outlet Axios, amplified worldwide by Reuters, regarding the alleged attempt to assassinate Tel Aviv’s ambassador to Mexico, Einat Kranz Neiger, citing a “U.S. official” who spoke on condition of anonymity.

According to Ravid, the operation was allegedly directed by a unit of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, “which for years has recruited agents throughout Latin America from the Iranian embassy in Venezuela.” Denied by the local Foreign Ministry and Security Secretariat, the leak was intended to demonize Iran and strain relations between Tehran, Caracas, and Mexico.

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