If you happen to be walking in the forests of Panama, you might just come across a bug that will wave at you, which scientists at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) have been studying for a while. The matador bug (Bitta alipes) carries striking, reddish "flags" on its hind legs and performs an intricate leg-waving display. But the reason these bugs perform this behavior has remained a mystery—until now.